15 July 1998
Source: Hardcopy from the US Senate Subcommittee on International Security,
Proliferation and Federal Affairs, Committee on Governmental Affairs. Thanks
to Julie Sander.
According to Julie Sander no testimony was presented at the July 8 hearing of the Subcommittee. Chair Senator Cochran distributed charts on Chinese satellite licenses and documents. Three of the documents (15 pp.) describe Hughes Aircraft Company's 1992-93 application for commercial satellite export license and conditions for transfer of data and technology. Copies of Hughes' November 30, 1992 request (9 pp.) and a Commerce response (2 pp.) are poor but are being transcribed. Below is the third (4 pp.) describing concerns of the Department of Defense.
See a July 8 NSA brief on the Chinese satellite encryption device:
http://jya.com/nsa-ttc.htm
And related July 9 news story:
http://jya.com/sat-device.htm
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SPAD-DOS UNCLASSIFIED CJ-116-93
MUNITIONS Case SAVED
Case ID Class Short Title
CJ-116-93 U TECHNOLOGY FOR COMMERCIAL COMSAT PROGRAMS D6
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Country Codes: XX __ __ __ __
Applicant 99999 DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE, DTSA/TSP (ALLEN COATES)
Intermediate Consignee: _________________________________________
End User: CJ
Case Type 6 ITAR Categories 21
Item Classification U US Quantity 0 Total Value 0
Date In 16/04/93 Last Update 10/05/93 Date Out 07/05/93
Declass Instructions ______________________________
*Case Description:
CJ REQUEST FOR TRANSFER OF TECHNOLOGY INCLUDING TELEMETRY, TRACKING AND
CONTROL ENGINEERING, OPERATION, AND MAINTENANCE DATA; SATELLITE SYSTEM
ENGINEERING DATA, ETC FOR COMMERCIAL COMMUNICATIONS SATELLITE PROGRAMS.
Action Officer OIMUN6 Non-recurring Recoupment Charges _
DoD Position S USG Decision _ Pending _ Prescreen _ Microfiche _
Staffing: Agency Organization Recommendation Deferred Agency Released
DA DA/TT F _ 20/04/93
DF DF/TT E _ 28/04/93
DN DN/TT F _ 07/05/93
OR DTSA/MT F _ 07/05/93
OI DTSA/WSP F _ 23/04/93
NP NP/TT F _ 04/05/93
DG NSA E _ 07/05/93
Keywords
COMMUNICATION SATELLITES
TELEMETRY
TRACKING
CONTROL
MAINTENANCE
SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS
TECHNOLOGY
Cross Reference Cross Reference
Type
15 Dec 93 07:27:35 UNCLASSIFIED page 1
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_________________________________________________________________________________
SPAD-DOS UNCLASSIFIED CJ-116-93
MUN Position
Case ID Date Out Agency Organization
CJ-116-93 07/05/93 OI DTSA/MUN
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Recommendation: S Deferral Agency: __ Action Officer: OIMUN6
*Position Text: Classification: U
7 MAY 93
DOD RECOMMENDS SPLIT JURISDICTION
COMMODITY: TECHNICAL DATA FOR COMMERCIAL COMMUNICATIONS SATELLITE PROGRAMS
COVERING:
1) TELEMETRY. TRACKING AND CONTROL (TT&C ENGINEERING, OPERATION
AND MAINTENANCE DATA): USML JURISDICTION
2) SATELLITE SYSTEM ENGINEERINg DATA: USML JURISDICTION
A) POWER BUDGETS: USML JURISDICTION
B) WEIGHT BUDGETS: USML JURISDICTION
C) SATELLITE RADIATED POWER ANALYSIS: USML JURISDICTION
D) MISSION SEQUENCES: USML JURISDICTION
E) FUEL BUDGETS: USML JURISDICTION
F) RELIABILITY ANALYSIS: USML JURISDICTION
F) SYSTEM TEST DATA EVALUATION: USML JURISDICTION
F) TRAINING: USML JURISDICTION
3) SATELLITE SYSTEM TESTING: USML JURISDICTION
4) LAUNCH VEHICLE INTEGRATION SERVICES: USML JURISDICTION
s) ORBITAL PLANNING: USML JURISDICTION
A) PRE-LAUNCH MISSION PLANNING AND ANALYSIS: USML JURISDICTION
B) TRANSFER AND DRIFT ORBIT PLANNING: USML JURISDICTION
C) STATION-KEEPING PLANNING: USML JURISDICTION
6) SATELLITE OPERATIONS TRAINING: USML JURISDICTION
7) TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION CONSISTING OF:
A) GROUND SYSTEM TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION
-- TT&C DESIGN REVIEW: CCL JURISDICTION WHEN RESTRICTED TO
SUBSYSTEM AND SYSTEM LEVEL BLOCK DIAGRAMS, EQUIPMENT AND
SITE LAYOUT DIAGRAMS, AND EQUIPMENT SCHEDULES
-- TT&C EQUIPMENT ACCEPTANCE TEST PLAN: CCL JURISDICTION
-- SPACECRAFT OPERATIONS PROCEDURES: CCL JURISDICTION
-- TT&C OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL (O&M): CCL
-- TT&C AND ORBITAL DYNAMICS. DOCUMENTATION, SOFTWARE USERS
GUIDES AND TAPES: USML JURISDICTION
B) SPACECRAFT TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION CONSISTING OF:
-- SPECIFICATIONS: USML JURISDICTION
-- ACCEPTANCE TEST PROCEDURES FOR CUSTOMER SPACECRAFT,
-- THEIR MAJOR SUBSYSTEMS AND COMPONENTS: CCL JURISDICTION
-- TEST REPORTS SHOWING PROOF OF ACCEPTANCE OF CUSTOMER
SPACECRAFT. THEIR MAJOR SUBSYSTEMS AND COMPONENTS: CCL
-- MISSION PLANNING AND ANALYSIS DOCUMENTS: USML
-- LAUNCH OPERATIONS MANUALS: USML JURISDICTION
-- IN-ORBIT TEST PLANS AND REPORTS VERIFYING THAT THE
15 Dec 93 07:27:54 UNCLASSIFIED page 1
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_________________________________________________________________________________
SPAD-DOS UNCLASSIFIED CJ-116-93
MUN Position
Case ID Date Out Agency Organization
CJ-116-93 07/05/93 OI DTSA/MUN
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
SATELLITES MEET ALL PERFORMANCES DURING LAUNCH, TRANSFER
ORBIT AND DRAFT ORBIT SEQUENCES: CCL JURISDICTION
-- SPACECRAFT LOG BOOKS: NOT ENOUGH INFORMATION
-- MATERIAL PRESENTED AT SATELLITE PRELIMINARY AND FINAL
DESIGN REVIEWS: NOT ENOUGH INFORMATION
-- TEST REPORT PREDICTING SATELLITE LIFE ON ORBIT: CCL
-- A SUMMARY OF SATELLITE FAILURES DURING SUBSYSTEM AND
SYSTEM LEVEL TESTS: CCL JURISDICTION
-- AN OVERALL SUMMARY OF THE SPACECRAFT SYSTEM TO THE BLOCK
DIAGRAM LEVEL: CCL JURISDICTION
-- SPACECRAFT MECHANICAL DRAWINGS SHOWING EQUIPMENT LAYOUTS:
NOT ENOUGH INFORMATION
-- A DATA PACKAGE CONTAINING A SUMMARY OF TEST DATA DIS-
CREPANCIES AND OPEN ITEMS PRIOR TO SHIPMENT OF THE
SATELLITE TO THE LAUNCH SITE: CCL JURISDICTION
-- A PAYLOAD INTEGRATION PLAN DEFINING THE INTERFACE
REQUIREMENTS (MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL) AND CONSTRAINTS
(I.E., THERMAL, POWER, TELEMETRY) OF THE SATELLITES AND
THE LAUNCH VEHICLE: NOT ENOUGH INFORMATION
-- SPECIAL ANALYSIS REPORTS: NOT ENOUGH INFORMATION
-- PERIODIC PROGRESS REPORTS: NOT ENOUGH INFORMATION
-- DOCUMENTATION NECESSARY FOR EVALUATION OF DESIGNS, PER-
FORMANCE CONSIDERATIONS, ASSESSMENT OF TEST PLANS, AND
TEST RESULTS OR FOR ANY OTHER PURPOSE CONNECTED WITH THE
DESIGN, QUALIFICATION, LAUNCH, ACCEPTANCE, OR OPERATION
OF THE SPACECRAFT, TT&C EQUIPMENT, AND SPACECRAFT
GROUND/AIRBORNE SUPPORT EQUIPMENT: USML JURISDICTION
C) CENTRALIZED DOCUMENTATION SERVICES: USML JURISDICTION.
TO INCLUDE ITEMS SUCH AS:
-- TEST PROCEDURES: USML JURISDICTION
-- TECHNICAL ANALYSES AND REPORTS: USML JURISDICTION
-- CHANCE REPORTS: USML JURISDICTION
-- EQUIPMENT LOCATION LISTINGS: USML JURISDICTION
-- PLANNING AND PROGRESS REPORTS: USML JURISDICTION
-- PROGRESS MEETING MINUTES: USML JURISDICTION
-- ACTION ITEMS LIST: USML JURISDICTION
-- MASS PROPERTY REPORTS: USML JURISDICTION
-- POWER BALANCE REPORTS: USML JURISDICTION
8) COMPUTER SOFTWARE AND DOCUMENTATION: USML JURISDICTION
1. THOSE ITEMS IDENTIFIED ABOVE AS BEING UNDER USML JURISDICTION FALL UNDER
USML CATEGORY XV(e). THE LEVEL OF DETAIL INHERENT IN THE TECHNICAL DATA
WOULD SIGNIFICANTLY CONTRIBUTE TO THE MILITARY CAPABILITY OF A FOREIGN
COUNTRY. FOR EXAMPLE, A PARTICULAR VULNERABILITY IS PRESENT IN THE POWER
BUDGET AND SATELLITE RADIATED POWER ANALYSIS DATA (ITEM 2 ABOVE). COMMERCIAL
SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS ARE DIRECTLY RESPONSIVE TO UPLINK EARTH
15 Dec 93 07:27:54 UNCLASSIFIED page 2
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_________________________________________________________________________________
SPAD-DOS UNCLASSIFIED CJ-116-93
MUN Position
Case ID Date Out Agency Organization
CJ-116-93 07/05/93 OI DTSA/MUN
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
TERMINALS. POWER ALLOCATIONS FROM SATELLITE TRANSPONDERS ARE DERIVED FROM
UPLINK POWER LEVELS GENERATED PROM THE EARTH TERMINAL. THEREFORE, THERE IS
AN INHERENT VULNERABILITY TO SATELLITE JAMMING FROM EARTH TERMINALS. SUCH
JAMMING WOULD DENY DOD USERS THE USE OF THE LINKS THAT ARE ASSIGNED. BRUTE
FORCE JAMMING IS DETECTABLE AND CAN BE COUNTERED OVER TIME WITH MILITARY
INTERVENTION. HOWEVER, WITH DETAILED KNOWLEDGE OF LINK BUDGET AND SATELLITE
RADIATED POWER ANALYSIS, JAMMING ACTIVITY CAN BE VERY SOPHISTICATED, WITH A
MUCH LOWER LEVEL OF DETECTION AND IDENTIFICATION. DETAILED KNOWLEDGE OF LINK
BUDGETS WOULD ALLOW JAMMERS TO INTERFERE WITH SPECIFIC COMMUNICATIONS LINKS
WITH A VERY LOW RISK OF TIMELY DETECTION OR IDENTIFICATION. FURTHER, THE
DATA IDENTIFIED AS USML IS NOT CONSIDERED TO BE THE TYPE OF TECHNICAL DATA
EXCLUDED FROM USML JURISDICTION IN THE LAST HALF OF CATEGORY XV(e).
2. THOSE ITEMS IDENTIFIED ABOVE AS BEING UNDER CCL JURISDICTION ARE
CONSIDERED TO BE TECHNICAL DATA NECESSARY AND REASONABLE FOR A PURCHASER TO
HAVE ASSURANCE THAT A U.S. BUILT ITEM INTENDED TO OPERATE IN SPACE HAS BEEN
DESIGNED, MANUFACTURED, AND TESTED IN CONFORMANCE WITH SPECIFIED CONTRACT
REQUIREMENTS AND TO OPERATE AND MAINTAIN ASSOCIATED GROUND SUPPORT
EQUIPMENT.
REMARKS FOR STATE/ODTC:
A. ON 30 NOV 92 HUGHES AIRCRAFT COMPANY REQUESTED DETERMINATION OF LICENSING
AUTHORITY FROM THE DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE FOR THE TYPES OF TECHNICAL DATA
LISTED ABOVE. WITHOUT STATE/DOD REVIEW COMMERCE ISSUED A COMMODITY
CLASSIFICATION (# 33173) PLACING THE DATA UNDER ECCN 9E96G. AS A RESULT, A
GENERAL LICENSE (G-DEST) WAS ISSUED ON 25 JANUARY 1993 FOR THE PRC AND HUGHES
CAN NOW LEGALLY EXPORT TECHNICAL DATA AND KNOW-HOW THAT COVERS THE DESIGN
FABRICATION, TEST, ASSEMBLY, AND DELIVERY OF COMMUNICATIONS SATELLITES AND
**************** CONTINUED IN CJ-116-93X **********************************
*Comments: Classification: U
15 Dec 93 07:27:54 UNCLASSIFIED page 3
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